Citation and Copyright

Definition of Plagiarism*

Plagiarism: Plagiarism is defined as presenting someone else's work, including the work of other students, as one's own. Any ideas or materials taken from another source for either written or oral use must be fully acknowledged, unless the information is common knowledge.

What is considered "common knowledge" may differ from course to course. A student must not adopt or reproduce ideas, opinions, theories, formulas, graphics, or pictures of another person  without acknowledgment.

A student must give credit to the originality of others and acknowledge an indebtedness whenever:

1. Directly quoting another person's actual words, whether oral or written;
2. Using another person's ideas, opinions, or theories;
3. Paraphrasing the words, ideas, opinions, or theories of others, whether oral or written;
4. Borrowing facts, statistics, or illustrative material; or
5. Offering materials assembled or collected by others in the form of projects or collections without acknowledgment.

*Plagiarism page from the website of the University of Indiana at Bloomington https://archives.iupui.edu/bitstream/handle/2450/8341/2006-9-22%20Handout%20PlagiarismInclusion.pdf?sequence=2 ; accessed Oct. 11, 2021.

To avoid plagiarism you must give credit when:*

1. You use another person's ideas, opinions, or theories.
2. You use facts, statistics, graphics, drawings, music, etc., or any other type of information that does not comprise common knowledge.
3. You use quotations from another person's spoken or written word.
4. You paraphrase another person's spoken or written word.

Here's what we recommend when you write:

1. Begin the writing process by stating your ideas; then go back to the author's original work.
2. Use quotation marks and credit the source (author) when you copy exact wording.
3. Use your own words (paraphrase) instead of copying directly when possible.
4. Even when you paraphrase another author's writings, you must give credit to that author.
5. If the form of citation and reference are not correct, the attribution to the original author is likely to be incomplete. Therefore, improper use of style can result in plagiarism. Get a style manual and use it.

*Plagiarism page from the website of the University of Indiana at Bloomington https://archives.iupui.edu/bitstream/handle/2450/8341/2006-9-22%20Handout%20PlagiarismInclusion.pdf?sequence=2 ; accessed Oct. 11, 2021.

Proper Citation:

Quotations: “---” or indented blocks

• Paraphrases and ideas of other people
• Footnotes
• Bibliography

Citation resources:

Purdue University Online Writing Lab

Chicago Manual of Style online

Images:

Caption with source, photo credit

Fair Use:

https://www.collegeart.org/pdf/fair-use/best-practices-fair-use-visual-arts.pdf